“Ukuphuma” kwamashishini anyukayo nasezantsi eshishini leemoto lamandla amatsha eTshayina kube yeyona nto iphambili kuhlumo lwemalike.Phantsi kwemvelaphi enjalo, amashishini emfumba ahlawulisayo akhawulezisa uyilo lweemarike zaphesheya.
Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ezidlulileyo, amanye amajelo achaza iindaba ezinjalo.Isalathiso samva nje sokuwela imida esikhutshwe yi-Alibaba International Station sibonisa ukuba amathuba oshishino aphesheya kweemfumba zokutshaja iimoto zamandla amatsha anyuke ngama-245% kulo nyaka uphelileyo, kwaye kukho phantse kathathu indawo yemfuno kwixa elizayo, eya kuba yindawo ithuba elitsha kumashishini asekhaya.
Ngapha koko, ekuqaleni kuka-2023, kunye notshintsho lwemigaqo-nkqubo efanelekileyo kwiimarike zaphesheya, ukuthunyelwa ngaphandle kweemfumba zokutshaja iimoto zamandla amatsha kujongene namathuba amatsha kunye nemingeni.
Umsantsa wemfuno kodwa ukwahluka komgaqo-nkqubo
Okwangoku, imfuno emandla yokutshaja iimfumba ibangelwa ikakhulu kukwanda ngokukhawuleza kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwihlabathi liphela.Izibalo zibonisa ukuba kwi-2022, ukuthengiswa kwehlabathi kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kufikelele kwi-10.824 yezigidi, ukuya kwi-61.6% ngonyaka.Ngokwembono yemarike yezithuthi zamandla amatsha aphesheya kuphela, ngelixa umgaqo-nkqubo unceda ukukhuthaza isithuthi sonke, kukho umsantsa omkhulu wemfuno yeemfumba zokutshaja, ngakumbi eYurophu nase-United States, apho amashishini asekhaya athumela ngaphandle ngaphezulu.
Kungekudala, iPalamente yaseYurophu isanda kudlulisa umthetho oyilwayo wokumisa ukuthengiswa kweenjini zeenqwelo ze-petroli eYurophu kwi-2035. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukwanda kokuthengiswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha eYurophu ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuqhuba ukukhula kweemfuno zokuhlawula iimfumba. .Iziko lophando liqikelela ukuba kule minyaka ili-10 izayo, imarike yemfumba yemoto entsha yaseYurophu iya kunyuka ukusuka kwi-5 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuro ngo-2021 ukuya kwi-15 yeebhiliyoni zeeyuro.U-De Mayo, umongameli we-European Automobile Manufacturers Association, wathi inkqubela yokufakelwa kweemfumba zokutshaja iimoto zombane kumazwe angamalungu e-EU "yayikude ngokwaneleyo".Ukuxhasa ukuguqulwa kweshishini lemoto ukuya kumbane, i-14000 yokutshaja iimfumba kufuneka zongezwe ngeveki, ngelixa inani langempela kweli nqanaba liyi-2000 kuphela.
Kutshanje, umgaqo-nkqubo wokunyuswa kwezithuthi zamandla amatsha e-United States nawo uye waba "omkhulu".Ngokutsho kwesicwangciso, nge-2030, isabelo sezithuthi zombane ekuthengiseni iimoto ezintsha e-United States ziya kufikelela ubuncinane kwi-50%, kwaye i-500000 yokutshaja iimfumba iya kuxhotyiswa.Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, urhulumente wase-US uceba ukutyala imali ezibhiliyoni ezisisi-7.5 zeedola zaseMelika kwicandelo loncedo lokutshaja iimoto zombane.Kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba izinga lokungena kwezithuthi zombane e-United States lingaphantsi kwe-10%, kwaye indawo yokukhula kwemarike ebanzi inika ithuba lophuhliso lwamashishini eemfumba ezihlawulisa ekhaya.
Nangona kunjalo, urhulumente wase-US kutshanje ubhengeze umgangatho omtsha wokwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yemfumba yokutshaja isithuthi sombane.Zonke iimfumba zokutshaja ezibonelelwa ngenkxaso-mali ye-US Infrastructure Act ziya kuveliswa ekuhlaleni kwaye amaxwebhu aya kusebenza ngokukhawuleza.Kwangaxeshanye, amashishini afanelekileyo kufuneka amkele umgangatho oyintloko wokutshaja we-United States, oko kukuthi, “INkqubo yokuTjaja eDityanisiweyo” (CCS).
Olu tshintsho lomgaqo-nkqubo luchaphazela amashishini amaninzi ahlawulisayo alungiselela kwaye aphuhlise iimarike zaphesheya.Ke ngoko, amashishini amaninzi ahlawulisayo afumene imibuzo kubatyali-mali.U-Shuangjie Electric uthe kwiqonga lokusebenzisana nabatyalo-mali ukuba inkampani inoluhlu olupheleleyo lwee-AC zokutshaja iimfumba, iishaja ze-DC kunye nezinye iimveliso, kwaye ifumene isiqinisekiso somthengisi we-State Grid Corporation.Okwangoku, iimveliso zeemfumba ezihlawulisayo zithunyelwe eSaudi Arabia, eIndiya nakwamanye amazwe kunye nemimandla, kwaye ziya kukhuthazwa ngakumbi ukwandisa iimarike zaphesheya.
Kwiimfuno ezitsha ezibekwe phambili ngurhulumente wase-United States, amashishini ahlawulisa amashishini asekhaya anamashishini athumela ngaphandle sele enze uqikelelo oluthile.Umntu ofanelekileyo we-Shenzhen Daotong Technology Co., Ltd. (emva koko kuthiwa yi "Daotong Technology") uxelele intatheli ukuba impembelelo yeNtsha entsha yase-United States ithathelwe ingqalelo xa ibeka i-target target ye-2023, ngoko ke. impembelelo yayo kwinkampani yayincinci.Kunikelwa ingxelo yokuba iDaotong Technology iye yaceba ukwakha umzi-mveliso eUnited States.Kulindeleke ukuba lo mzi-mveliso mtsha ugqitywe uze uqalise ukusebenza ngowama-2023. Okwangoku, umsebenzi uqhuba kakuhle.
Inzuzo "i-blue ocean" ngobunzima ekuphuhliseni
Kuyaqondwa ukuba imfuno yokutshaja iimfumba kwisikhululo samazwe ngamazwe sase-Alibaba ikakhulu sivela kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika, phakathi kwazo i-UK, iJamani, i-Ireland, i-United States kunye ne-New Zealand zingamazwe amahlanu aphezulu malunga nokuthandwa kwemfumba yokutshaja. khangela.Ukongeza, isalathiso esinqamlezayo seSikhululo saMazwe ngaMazwe sase-Alibaba sikwabonisa ukuba abathengi baphesheya kweemfumba zokutshaja basekhaya ikakhulu ngabathengisi basekhaya, babalelwa malunga ne-30%;Iikontraka zokwakha kunye nabaphuhlisi bepropathi nganye ihlawula i-20%.
Umntu onxulumene neTekhnoloji yeDaotong uxelele intatheli ukuba okwangoku, ii-odolo zayo zokuhlawulisa kwimarike yaseMntla Melika zivela ikakhulu kubathengi bentengiso basekhaya, kwaye iiprojekthi zenkxaso karhulumente zibonelela ngenani elincinci.Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, izithintelo zomgaqo-nkqubo ziya kuba ngqongqo ngokuthe ngcembe, ngakumbi kwiimfuno zemveliso yaseMelika.
Imarike yemfumba ebiza imali yasekhaya sele “lulwandle olubomvu”, kwaye phesheya kolwandle “ulwandle oluluhlaza” luthetha ukuba nokwenzeka komda wengeniso ephezulu.Kuxelwe ukuba uphuhliso lweziseko zophuhliso lwezithuthi zamandla amatsha kwiimarike zaseYurophu naseMelika zisemva koko kwimarike yasekhaya.Ipateni yokhuphiswano igxile kakhulu, kwaye umda wengeniso yengeniso yemveliso uphezulu kakhulu kunalowo wemarike yangaphakathi.Umzi-mveliso ongafunanga kuchazwa ngegama uxelele intatheli: “Amashishini okudibanisa iimodyuli anokufumana ingeniso eyi-30% kurhwebo lwangaphakathi, oluyi-50% kwimarike yaseMelika, kunye nezinga lengeniso epheleleyo. kwezinye iimfumba ze-DC zide zibe phezulu njenge-60%.Ukuthathela ingqalelo imiba yokwenziwa kwekhontrakthi eMelika, kulindeleke ukuba kusekho umlinganiselo wengeniso eyi-35% ukuya kuma-40%.Ukongezelela, ixabiso lexabiso lokuhlawulisa iimfumba eUnited States liphakame kakhulu kunelo lemarike yasekhaya, elinokuqinisekisa ngokupheleleyo ingeniso.”
Nangona kunjalo, ukuze kuhluthwe "isabelo" semarike yaphesheya, amashishini ahlawulisayo asekhaya asafuna ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesatifikethi esisemgangathweni saseMelika, alawule umgangatho kuyilo, abambe indawo yomyalelo ngokusebenza kwemveliso, kwaye azuze inkoliseko ngenzuzo yeendleko. .Okwangoku, kwimarike yase-US, uninzi lwamashishini aseTshayina ahlawulisa imfumba asekwixesha lophuhliso kunye nesiqinisekiso.Ingcali ehlawulisa iimfumba ixelele intatheli: “Kunzima ukuphumelela isiqinisekiso esisemgangathweni saseMelika sokuhlawulisa iimfumba, kwaye ixabiso liphezulu.Ukongeza, zonke izixhobo zothungelwano kufuneka zigqithise isatifikethi seFCC (Federal Communications Commission of the United States), kwaye amasebe afanelekileyo ase-United States angqongqo kakhulu malunga neli 'khadi'.
Wang Lin, umlawuli wemarike yaphesheya kweShenzhen Yipule Technology Co., Ltd., uthe inkampani iye yafumana imingeni emininzi ekuphuhliseni iimarike zaphesheya.Ngokomzekelo, kufuneka ukulungelelanisa kwiimodeli ezahlukeneyo kwaye uhlangabezane nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo kunye nemimiselo;Kuyimfuneko ukufunda nokugweba uphuhliso lombane kunye namandla amatsha kwimarike ekujoliswe kuyo;Kuyimfuneko ukuphucula iimfuno zokhuseleko lwenethiwekhi unyaka nonyaka ngokusekwe kwimvelaphi yophuhliso lwe-Intanethi yeZinto.
Ngokutsho kwentatheli, okwangoku, enye yeengxaki ezijongene namashishini eemfumba zasekhaya "ekuphumeni" yi-software, efuna ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwentlawulo yomsebenzisi, ukhuseleko lolwazi, ukhuseleko lokuhlawula imoto kunye nokuphucula amava.
"E-China, ukusetyenziswa kweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja kuqinisekisiwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye kunokudlala indima ephambili kwintengiso yehlabathi."UYang Xi, ingcaphephe ephezulu kunye nomjongi ozimeleyo kumzi-mveliso wemfumba wemoto etshaja iimoto zombane, uxelele iintatheli, “Nangona amazwe okanye imimandla ibaluleke ngendlela eyahlukileyo kulwakhiwo lweziseko ezingundoqo zokutshaja, ukungabikho kwamandla okutshaja iimfumba kunye nezixhobo ezinxulumeneyo yinyaniso engenakuphikiswa.Ikhonkco elipheleleyo leshishini leenqwelo zamandla zasekhaya linokongeza le ndawo yesikhewu sentengiso. "
Umzekelo wokusungula kunye namajelo edijithali
Kushishino lweemfumba ezihlawulisa ekhaya, uninzi lwamashishini amancinci naphakathi.Nangona kunjalo, kwimfuno entsha yorhwebo lwangaphandle olufana neemfumba zokutshaja, zimbalwa iindlela zokuthenga zemveli, ngoko ke usetyenziso lwedijithali luya kuba phezulu.Intatheli yafunda ukuba Wuhan Hezhi Digital Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (emva koko ebizwa ngokuba "Hezhi Digital Energy") uye wazama ukwandisa ishishini phesheya ukususela 2018, kwaye bonke abathengi online bavela Alibaba International Station.Okwangoku, iimveliso zenkampani zithengiswe kumazwe angaphezu kwama-50 kunye nemimandla yehlabathi jikelele.Ngethuba leNdebe yeHlabathi ye-Qatar ye-2022, uBulumko banikeze iiseti ze-800 zezixhobo zombane zokutshaja iibhasi kwindawo yendawo.Ngokujonga indawo eqaqambileyo "yokuphuma" kumashishini anyukayo nasezantsi kwikhonkco leshishini leemoto zamandla amatsha, urhulumente kufuneka anike ukhetho olufanelekileyo kumashishini amancinci naphakathi kumgaqo-nkqubo, anokuthi adlale indima ekukhuliseni.
Ngokombono kaWang Lin, imarike yemfumba yokutshaja phesheya ibonisa iindlela ezintathu: okokuqala, imodeli yenkonzo esekelwe kwi-Intanethi, kunye nentsebenziswano epheleleyo phakathi kwababoneleli beqonga kunye nabaqhubi, igxininisa iimpawu zoshishino ze-SaaS (isoftware njengenkonzo);Eyesibini yi-V2G.Ngenxa yeempawu zothungelwano lwamandla asasazwa phesheya kolwandle, amathemba ayo athembisa ngakumbi.Inokusebenzisa ngokubanzi ibhetri yamandla okuphela kwesithuthi kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zamandla amatsha, kubandakanywa ukugcinwa kwamandla endlu, ukulawulwa kwegridi yamandla, kunye norhwebo lwamandla;Eyesithathu yimfuno yemarike enqanyuliweyo.Xa kuthelekiswa nengqumba ye-AC, izinga lokukhula kwemarike yemfumba ye-DC iya kukhawuleza ngakumbi kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo.
NgokweSivumelwano esiNtsha esikhankanywe ngasentla sase-United States, amashishini emfumba ahlawulisayo okanye amaqela okwakha afanelekileyo kufuneka ahlangabezane neemeko ezimbini zokufumana inkxaso-mali: okokuqala, igobolondo lentsimbi yokutshaja/intsimbi iveliswa eUnited States kwaye idityaniswe eUnited States;okwesibini, i-55% yexabiso lilonke leenxalenye kunye namacandelo ziveliswa eUnited States, kwaye ixesha lokuphunyezwa lisemva kukaJulayi 2024. Ukuphendula kulo mgaqo-nkqubo, abanye abangaphakathi kwishishini babonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwemveliso kunye nendibano, imfumba yokuhlawula yasekhaya. amashishini asenokwenza amashishini aphezulu-amaxabiso afana noyilo, ukuthengisa kunye nenkonzo, kwaye ukhuphiswano lokugqibela lusebuchwephesha, amajelo kunye nabathengi.
U-Yang Xi ukholelwa ukuba ikamva lemarike yokutshaja iimoto zombane e-United States ekugqibeleni kunokubalelwa kumashishini asekhaya.Amashishini angengawo aseMelika kunye namashishini angekaseka imizi-mveliso eUnited States ajongene nemiceli mngeni emikhulu.Ngokombono wakhe, ukwenziwa kwasekhaya kuseluvavanyo kwiimarike zaphesheya ngaphandle kwe-United States.Ukusuka kunikezelo lweprojekthi yolungiselelo, ukuya kwimikhwa yokusebenza kweqonga, ukuya kulawulo lwezemali, amashishini aseTshayina ahlawulisa imfumba kufuneka aqonde nzulu imithetho yasekhaya, imimiselo kunye namasiko enkcubeko ukuphumelela amathuba oshishino.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-07-2023